"Consciousness" during sleep in a TM practitioner: heart rate, respiration, and eye movement
1987
Yes
lucid dreaming consciousness dreamer eye movements sleep laboratories transcendental consciousness Transcendental Meditation TM autonomic arousal polysomnograms
Reports of consciousness during dreaming or lucid dreaming have been verified by having the dreamer signal from the dream that he/she is dreaming with a prearranged set of distinctive lateral eye movements (LaBerge, 1985). This basic methodology has subsequently been replicated in other sleep laboratories. Relatedly, a continuation of consciousness from the waking state into the sleep state is claimed to be a key aspect of the experience of "Transcendental Consciousness", which is developed by the practice of Transcendental Meditation (TM; Banquet & Sailhan, 1974).
Gackenbach, J.I., Moorecroft, W., Alexander, C. & LaBerge, S. (1987). "Consciousness" during sleep in a TM practitioner: Heart rate, respiration, and eye movement. Lucidity Letter, 6(2), 137-145.
Journal Articles
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