Cannabis legalization in Canada: a critical examination of Canada’s failure to protect youths and reduce harms associated with cannabis use

Abstract

This paper critically examines Canada’s approach to cannabis legalization, focusing on its failure to protect youth and reduce harms associated with cannabis use. While legalization aimed to restrict access and safeguard public health, inconsistent provincial regulations, inadequate education programs, and rising youth cannabis use have seriously undermined these goals. The paper compares Canada’s approach to Uruguay’s centralized, health-focused model, which has successfully reduced adolescent cannabis use and reliance on the illicit market. Recommendations include implementing a standardized national legal age, effective harm reduction strategies, and comprehensive education programs to address the gaps in Canada’s cannabis policy and better protect youth.